2 10 37 http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/79b74b0aa6cccf2dc751ac0aebe8da86.png 7785c14bc6400eb42a384c6441e90c24 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Horrible" Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Cleveland Gazette" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/197">Cleveland Gazette</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="Harry C. Smith" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/196">Harry C. Smith</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource April 7, 1894 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 27 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-06-27 06:08:05 Title A name given to the resource "Horrible!" Description An account of the resource In spring 1894, the <a title="Cleveland Gazette" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/197">Cleveland Gazette</a> published this rare lynching image to protest the murder of Roscoe Parker, in West Union, Ohio. The paper included a simple pen-and-ink drawing of Parker’s lynched body—with the white mob sketched in the bottom left of the frame—but placed Parker’s portrait higher up to emphasize his humanity and retain dignity. The Ohio lynching made clear that lynching was a national problem, not confined to the South, and a federal response was necessary to quell the violence. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject Cleveland Gazette Harry C. Smith images lynching Roscoe Parker violence http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/c7e11c0adc39a1fdfc308de774bd7d97.jpg cc2581960ba28d2a91d68b5f12a19951 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Lynched" Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="The Richmond Planet" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/204">Richmond Planet</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="John Mitchell, Jr." href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/203">John Mitchell, Jr.</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 23, 1894 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 99 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-06-28 17:58:21 Title A name given to the resource "Lynched" Description An account of the resource Like journalists Jesse Duke and <a title="Ida B. Wells" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/202">Ida B. Wells</a>, <a title="The Richmond Planet" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/204">Richmond Planet</a> editor <a title="John Mitchell, Jr." href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/203">John Mitchell, Jr.</a>, had braved mob retaliation for defending an African American man from a rape charge, and challenged the increase in lynching actively. In 1894, for example, Mitchell organized a lecture for Isaac Jenkins, who was the lone survivor following mob violence against African Americans in Clifton Forge, Virginia, in 1891, and included a postcard from that lynching within the frame of the advertisement. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject African-Americans images Isaac Jenkins John Mitchell Jr. lynching Richmond Planet Virginia http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/c83c55012643dfe67ef03390512267c0.png 2b84909833fbfcd28ff50bd1e2f331f8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Thirty Years of Progress" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource [T.] Fleming. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Detroit Plaindealer" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/192">Detroit Plaindealer</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="Benjamin Pelham et al" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/191">Benjamin Pelham</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 3, 1893 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 34 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-06-29 06:43:26 Title A name given to the resource "Thirty Years of Progress" Description An account of the resource After the brutal lynching of a mentally disabled man, Henry Smith, this image in <a title="Detroit Plaindealer" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/192">Detroit Plaindealer</a> portrayed the failure of outgoing President Benjamin Harrison administration’s to condemn the lynching as a direct contrast to Abraham Lincoln’s leadership and the founding principles of the Republican Party. At left, President Abraham Lincoln is shown holding the 1863 Emancipation Proclamation, and opening the door of freedom to an African American man leaving bondage; at right, in 1893 a mob sets him on fire. The image suggests that government in a civilized society would have shielded any accused criminal, but particularly one of Smith’s limited mental capacity, from mob action. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject Abraham Lincoln Benjamin Pelham civil rights Detroit Plaindealer Emancipation Henry Smith images lynching http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/457329045b20b76a22847397a207c2e6.png 08790ddfed996595b06a0ae8a40786a4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Free (?) America" Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Northwestern Recorder" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/195">Northwestern Recorder</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available [Publisher, Jones & Brown] Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 1893 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 101 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-06-30 18:07:04 Title A name given to the resource "Free (?) America" Description An account of the resource The gruesome lynching of a mentally disabled man, Henry Smith in Paris, Texas, in February 1893, sparked renewed visual critique in the African American press regarding federal inaction on lynching. The mob’s torture of Henry Smith seemed to contradict the nation’s values, these editors believed. “Free (?) America” quipped the terse, sarcastic caption to an illustration of Smith’s torture in Wisconsin’s <a title="Northwestern Recorder" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/195">Northwestern Recorder</a>. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject Henry Smith images lynching mob violence Northwestern Recorder http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/3ce45ce6d56af8b8eda860b8923b85c2.png c7342dd50e8f729e1a1fce5125cbd354 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "The Great Southern Exodus" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource [H.J.L.] [<a title="Henry J. Lewis" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/193">Henry J. Lewis</a>] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis Freeman</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="Edward E. Cooper" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/200">Edward E. Cooper</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 5, 1892 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 70 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-07-01 18:23:24 Title A name given to the resource "The Great Southern Exodus" Description An account of the resource In its election-eve issue in 1892, perhaps to encourage the exodus that <a title="Ida B. Wells" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/202">Ida B. Wells</a>’s campaign had begun, the <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis Freeman</a> re-printed a drawing by the late political cartoonist, <a title="Henry J. Lewis" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/193">Henry J. Lewis</a>. A series of frames reminded readers that migration was another form of protest against local and state governments that had failed to punish lynching. The image shows African American men, women, and families in a train station, departing the South. Insets depict whippings, lynching, and pursuit by dogs that help to explain “The Great Southern Exodus.” Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject African-Americans civil rights Edward E. Cooper Henry J. Lewis images Indianapolis Freeman Ku Klux Klan lynching President Benjamin Harrison President Grover Cleveland http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/27a34c450f4de922b17e5cd30d648d22.png ab231a7df12bb719e500f9f9cbae7763 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "The Accused Men" Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Cleveland Gazette" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/197">Cleveland Gazette</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="Harry C. Smith" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/196">Harry C. Smith</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource October 1, 1892 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 119 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-07-02 04:34:37 Title A name given to the resource "The Accused Men" Description An account of the resource When six white men gang-raped an African American woman in Columbus, Ohio, the <a title="Cleveland Gazette" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/197">Cleveland Gazette </a>published their profiles on its front page, providing something rarely seen in mainstream newspaper accounts of interracial rape in the 1890s—the faces of white sexual criminals. African American journalists and cartoonists created such imagery to challenge the double standard in reporting, and emphasize the past and contemporary sexual violence against African American women carried out by white men. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject African-American women Cleveland Gazette Harry C. Smith images Ohio rape violence http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/d3c7bea8eba551b8d345e5c96d07edcb.png b33e0727c89eecda19a83581c2deb5a5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Some Day" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource [H.J.L.] [<a title="Henry J. Lewis" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/193">Henry J. Lewis</a>] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis Freeman</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="Edward E. Cooper" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/200">Edward E. Cooper</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 25, 1892 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 67 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-07-03 17:52:23 Title A name given to the resource "Some Day" Description An account of the resource In June 1892, the <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis Freeman</a> re-printed an earlier visual compilation of civil rights themes drawn by the late political cartoonist <a title="Henry J. Lewis" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/193">Henry J. Lewis</a>. The small cartoon laments the need for combative imagery in the black press, but explains its necessity. “Some day the inspiration for such representations will have passed,” the caption reads; “some day, America will extend equal rights and justice to all men.” A sign affixed to the whipping post reads: “Give the Negro an equal chance with other men, and there will be no race problem.” Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject civil rights Edward C. Cooper equality Henry J. Lewis images Indianapolis Freeman justice http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/e22626e0715bdb7fa5c4ca2dc865df21.png 2c5bbd4e6d485ca24db5699914946008 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Our Republic" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thomas Nast Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Detroit Plaindealer" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/192">Detroit Plaindealer</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="Benjamin Pelham et al" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/191">Benjamin Pelham, et al</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 3, 1892 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 40 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-07-04 07:06:32 Title A name given to the resource "Our Republic" Description An account of the resource In this image, widely reproduced in the African American press, popular white political cartoonist Thomas Nast captured the outrage that followed the lynching of three African American men in Memphis, Tennessee a few months earlier--the incident that catapulted <a title="Ida B. Wells" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/202">Ida B. Wells</a> to prominence as an anti-lynching activist. Under a banner that reads “Our Republic Can Only Exist So Long as Its Citizens Respect and Obey Their Self-Imposed Laws,” the symbolic figure of Justice simultaneously halts a lynching and renders retaliation unnecessary. “Take not the law into your own hands, for where will that end?” she asks. Only due process, the image implies, can avert a downward spiral of retributive violence. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject civil rights images justice lynching Thomas Nast http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/7b1126f0159b48c2a5deb1d1fd995a71.png 6240ad33b48a7ecdee2f4beb4401c2af Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Still Asleep" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource H.J.[L.] [<a title="Henry J. Lewis" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/193">Henry J. Lewis</a>] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis Freeman</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="Edward E. Cooper" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/200">Edward E. Cooper</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource May 14, 1892 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 64 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-07-05 00:00:57 Title A name given to the resource "Still Asleep" Description An account of the resource When Frederick Douglass warned whites of the dangers of “reaping the whirlwind,” the <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis </a><a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Freeman</a> recycled an oft-used drawing by the late political cartoonist, <a title="Henry J. Lewis" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/193">Henry J. Lewis</a>, showing a sleeping African American Gulliver, a gentle giant at the mercy of club-wielding oppressors. The image challenged the notion of “superior” white civilization, as imperialists, explorers, and slave-traders of various nationalities scale the helpless figure, who represents Africa, or possibly the African American man. “Still Asleep,” says the caption: “Can Nothing Rouse Him?” Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject civil rights Edward E. Cooper Frederick Douglass Henry J. Lewis images imperialism Indianapolis Freeman President Benjamin Harrison http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/a84149701312ebb96283339746574200.png 7491ab0ed342a79cb3a5a49c8df4a982 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Our National Cemetery" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a title="Moses L. Tucker" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/194">Moses L. Tucker</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis Freeman</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="Edward E. Cooper" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/200">Edward E. Cooper</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 27, 1890 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 52 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-07-06 16:05:02 Title A name given to the resource "Our National Cemetery" Description An account of the resource In this image, the <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis Freeman</a> depicts Uncle Sam as a gravedigger, tending the failed legislation of generations. A headstone for the recently-defeated “Blair Education Bill,” which would have supplied federal funding for local public schools, is visible alongside a host of other pieces of legislation designed to protect African Americans. Such images implied that President Benjamin Harrison and the Republican Party would suffer in 1892 if they ignored the needs of African American voters. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject Blair Education bill civil rights education images Indianapolis Freeman President Benjamin Harrison Republican Party