3 10 37 http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/c83c55012643dfe67ef03390512267c0.png 2b84909833fbfcd28ff50bd1e2f331f8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Thirty Years of Progress" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource [T.] Fleming. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Detroit Plaindealer" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/192">Detroit Plaindealer</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="Benjamin Pelham et al" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/191">Benjamin Pelham</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 3, 1893 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 34 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-06-29 06:43:26 Title A name given to the resource "Thirty Years of Progress" Description An account of the resource After the brutal lynching of a mentally disabled man, Henry Smith, this image in <a title="Detroit Plaindealer" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/192">Detroit Plaindealer</a> portrayed the failure of outgoing President Benjamin Harrison administration’s to condemn the lynching as a direct contrast to Abraham Lincoln’s leadership and the founding principles of the Republican Party. At left, President Abraham Lincoln is shown holding the 1863 Emancipation Proclamation, and opening the door of freedom to an African American man leaving bondage; at right, in 1893 a mob sets him on fire. The image suggests that government in a civilized society would have shielded any accused criminal, but particularly one of Smith’s limited mental capacity, from mob action. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject Abraham Lincoln Benjamin Pelham civil rights Detroit Plaindealer Emancipation Henry Smith images lynching http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/9cf346dcdf104e10398dec8a10894957.png 31879642c9dc6d43066d263d475da689 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "White Men to the Rescue" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a title="John Mitchell, Jr." href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/203">John Mitchell, Jr.</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="The Richmond Planet" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/204">Richmond Planet</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="John Mitchell, Jr." href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/203">John Mitchell, Jr.</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource February 23, 1895 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 112 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-06-22 03:30:01 Title A name given to the resource "White Men To The Rescue" Description An account of the resource More conciliatory than his other drawings, this illustration by <a title="The Richmond Planet" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/204">Richmond Planet</a> editor <a title="John Mitchell, Jr." href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/203">John Mitchell, Jr.</a>, applauded liberal whites for their efforts to thwart lynching and enforce law and order, and thereby contribute to southern economic progress. “Lawlessness cripples business, and drives away capital,” the caption reads, in an argument for state rather than federal government action. “Colored men’s prayers are answered. Liberal-minded white men are coming to the rescue." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject images John Mitchell Jr. Ku Klux Klan lynching Richmond Planet white men http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/0e1d0d6d28d2533095bc5948e36375fc.jpg e329f7e4057a3aea14dd3b6bee2342bf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Benjamin Pelham, Robert Pelham Jr., William H. Anderson, Walter H. Stowers" Description An account of the resource Source: <a href="https://archive.org/details/afroamericanpre00penngoog">The Afro-American Press and Its Editors</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived owproject Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 557 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-11-09 19:57:40 Title A name given to the resource Benjamin Pelham et al Description An account of the resource Benjamin Pelham was born in Detroit, Michigan in 1862. While working as messenger for the Detroit Post in the early 1880s, he edited and wrote articles for an amateur newspaper called The Venture. In 1883 he and his older brother, Robert Pelham, Jr., along with William H. Anderson, Walter H. Stowers and later Byron G. Redmond, founded the <a title="Detroit Plaindealer" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/192">Detroit Plaindealer</a>, to promote African American economic interests and political rights. After the paper ceased publication in 1894, Benjamin Pelham went on to hold a number of appointed government positions, and was elected auditor of Wayne Country in 1906. He was known as one of the most influential African-American leaders in Detroit during these years . Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject Benjamin Pelham Byron G. Redmond Detroit Plaindealer images Robert Pelham Jr. Walter H. Stowers William H. Anderson http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/e8d940da0263150073b6497ea2c13bb5.jpg 9affdc2764fcde7560f261b28b96df15 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Cleveland Gazette" banner Description An account of the resource Cleveland Gazette April 5, 1894 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived owproject Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 503 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-11-07 15:06:20 Title A name given to the resource Cleveland Gazette Description An account of the resource The Cleveland Gazette was founded by journalist <a title="Harry C. Smith" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/196">Harry C. Smith</a> in 1883. Smith was a supporter of the Republican Party in Ohio, and the paper reflected his unrelenting advocacy of African American civil rights. The paper’s success was largely due to what early journalism historian I. Garland Penn called the “vigorous and able editorial writings of Mr. Smith.” For a long time, the paper was the nation's longest-running African American weekly, published every week for nearly sixty years, earning it the nickname “Old Reliable.” The paper folded in 1945, four years after Smith’s death in 1941. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject Cleveland Gazette Harry C. Smith images http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/356d8389aaccdd3516c47d5ba775daae.jpg b58a8fa015ba3259f5a39008a1cc033d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The "Plaindealer" banner Description An account of the resource Detroit Plaindealer January 13, 1893 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived owproject Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 549 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-11-09 19:28:30 Title A name given to the resource Detroit Plaindealer Description An account of the resource Edited jointly by <a title="Benjamin Pelham" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/191">Benjamin Pelham</a> and his brother, Robert Pelham, Jr., along with William H. Anderson, Walter H. Stowers, and later Byron G. Redmond, the Plaindealer began publication in 1883. The editors sought to foster trust and promote civil rights for African Americans in Detroit and southern Michigan. After the paper ceased publication in 1894, the editors went on to pursue careers in public life. Benjamin Pelham came to be one of the most influential African-American leaders in Detroit. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject Benjamin Pelham Detroit Plaindealer images http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/238be8fb6c2d3e8ed7fa153d7ea22e41.jpg af220fc39f4cfedf2c86f293fcd84693 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Edward E. Cooper Description An account of the resource Source: I. Garland Penn, <a title="I. Garland Penn, The Afro-American Press and Its Editors" href="https://archive.org/details/afroamericanpre00penngoog">The Afro-American Press and Its Editors</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived owproject Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 479 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-11-05 13:31:13 Title A name given to the resource Edward E. Cooper Description An account of the resource Edward E. Cooper was born in Florida in 1859. He founded short-lived Colored World in Indianapolis in 1878, which was later revived as the Indianapolis World. He founded the <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis Freeman</a> in July 1888 as a politically independent, national newspaper. Within a few months, he expanded and changed the paper's format, making the Freeman the nation's first African American illustrated newspaper. The paper’s satirical cartoons were so pointed that they sometimes drew criticism from the African American community. In 1893, Cooper left as Freeman editor to found the Colored American in Washington, DC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject Edward E. Cooper images Indianapolis Freeman http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/0db374f9f2caa4df603b8bf207aa4e1b.jpg 0e6f35db8fe94b213b8fa728a7512951 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "George L. Knox" Description An account of the resource Source:<a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199"> Indianapolis Freeman</a> December 24, 1892 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived owproject Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 499 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-11-07 14:51:14 Title A name given to the resource George L. Knox Description An account of the resource George L. Knox purchased the <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis Freeman</a> from <a title="Edward E. Cooper" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/200">Edward E. Cooper</a> in 1892 and transformed the newspaper from a Democratic-leaning, independent paper into a loyal Republican Party press. Knox was well connected with the state party leadership, and under his editorship the paper fully supported Booker T. Washington’s philosophy of accommodation. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject George L. Knox images Indianapolis Freeman http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/f5849db396e1edb3a3ea13e85e6ed065.jpg b1125fe9939720473c61857c8832ad3d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Harry C. Smith" Description An account of the resource Source: I. Garland Penn, <a href="https://archive.org/details/afroamericanpre00penngoog">The Afro-American Press and Its Editors </a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived owproject Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 507 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-11-07 15:25:59 Title A name given to the resource Harry C. Smith Description An account of the resource Harry C. Smith founded the <a title="Cleveland Gazette" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/197">Cleveland Gazette</a> in 1883, a year after he graduated from high school. Under his editorial control, the Gazette was a staunch advocate of African American civil rights. Smith was elected to the Ohio state legislature in 1894 and served three terms in all. As a legislator, Smith introduced civil rights legislation in 1894, and in 1896 he successfully shepherded a strict anti-lynching bill into law (the Smith Act) that served as a model for other states. Smith published the Gazette until his death in 1941. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject Cleveland Gazette Harry C. Smith images http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/44e4ff9103ce022affc09bf80b8c5d79.jpg 5c634e22357f84d054a62489ebade21b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "H.J. Lewis" self-portrait Description An account of the resource <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis Freeman</a> July 13, 1889 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived owproject Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 528 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-11-09 18:53:34 Title A name given to the resource Henry J. Lewis Description An account of the resource Henry J. Lewis was born in slavery in Mississippi, sometime in the late 1830s (the exact year of his birth is unknown). He was severely burned as a child, which left him blind in one eye and crippled in his left hand. He lived much of his life in Pine Bluffs, Arkansas. In the 1870s he produced some engravings for Harper’s Weekly, and in the early 1880s worked as a sketch artist for the Smithsonian’s “Mound Survey” of pre-historic Native American sites in Arkansas and elsewhere. His cartoons in the <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis </a><a style="font-size: 10px;" title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Freeman</a> in 1889 focused on themes of economic, social and political rights for African Americans. He died in April 1891. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject Henry J. Lewis images Indianapolis Freeman http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/10a4ff5f941e5d263396526ff2d4a2d9.jpg 00c19fefeb84bd558679d7fbb828bd99 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Miss Ida B. Wells" Description An account of the resource Source: <a title="Cleveland Gazette" href="http://owproject.wordpress.com/2013/11/07/cleveland-gazette/">Cleveland Gazette</a> August 4, 1894 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived owproject Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 511 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-10-30 15:30:16 Title A name given to the resource Ida B. Wells Description An account of the resource Anti-lynching crusader Ida B. Wells was a former Memphis schoolteacher and journalist. In 1892, as co-owner of the Memphis newspaper Free Speech, Wells exposed the lies regarding the lynching of the three African American men. She urged her readers to boycott white businesses, and even to leave town, prompting an exodus that had a lasting economic impact on the city of Memphis. In addition, she used her newspaper to correct the record and challenge the rape/lynching narrative. After a white mob retaliated, by destroying her press and forcing her into exile in the North, she launched a series of meticulously documented speeches and pamphlets, including <a title="Southern Horrors (1892)" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/14975/14975-h/14975-h.htm">Southern Horrors: Lynch Law in All Its Phases</a> (1892) and, as Ida B. Wells-Barnett (following her marriage to journalist Ferdinand Barnett) <a title="A Red Record" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/14977/14977-h/14977-h.htm">A Red Record</a> (1895). Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject Ida B. Wells images rape/lynching narrative