3 10 37 http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/d3c7bea8eba551b8d345e5c96d07edcb.png b33e0727c89eecda19a83581c2deb5a5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Some Day" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource [H.J.L.] [<a title="Henry J. Lewis" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/193">Henry J. Lewis</a>] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis Freeman</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="Edward E. Cooper" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/200">Edward E. Cooper</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 25, 1892 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 67 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-07-03 17:52:23 Title A name given to the resource "Some Day" Description An account of the resource In June 1892, the <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis Freeman</a> re-printed an earlier visual compilation of civil rights themes drawn by the late political cartoonist <a title="Henry J. Lewis" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/193">Henry J. Lewis</a>. The small cartoon laments the need for combative imagery in the black press, but explains its necessity. “Some day the inspiration for such representations will have passed,” the caption reads; “some day, America will extend equal rights and justice to all men.” A sign affixed to the whipping post reads: “Give the Negro an equal chance with other men, and there will be no race problem.” Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject civil rights Edward C. Cooper equality Henry J. Lewis images Indianapolis Freeman justice http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/27a34c450f4de922b17e5cd30d648d22.png ab231a7df12bb719e500f9f9cbae7763 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "The Accused Men" Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Cleveland Gazette" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/197">Cleveland Gazette</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="Harry C. Smith" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/196">Harry C. Smith</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource October 1, 1892 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 119 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-07-02 04:34:37 Title A name given to the resource "The Accused Men" Description An account of the resource When six white men gang-raped an African American woman in Columbus, Ohio, the <a title="Cleveland Gazette" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/197">Cleveland Gazette </a>published their profiles on its front page, providing something rarely seen in mainstream newspaper accounts of interracial rape in the 1890s—the faces of white sexual criminals. African American journalists and cartoonists created such imagery to challenge the double standard in reporting, and emphasize the past and contemporary sexual violence against African American women carried out by white men. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject African-American women Cleveland Gazette Harry C. Smith images Ohio rape violence http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/3ce45ce6d56af8b8eda860b8923b85c2.png c7342dd50e8f729e1a1fce5125cbd354 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "The Great Southern Exodus" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource [H.J.L.] [<a title="Henry J. Lewis" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/193">Henry J. Lewis</a>] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis Freeman</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="Edward E. Cooper" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/200">Edward E. Cooper</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 5, 1892 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 70 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-07-01 18:23:24 Title A name given to the resource "The Great Southern Exodus" Description An account of the resource In its election-eve issue in 1892, perhaps to encourage the exodus that <a title="Ida B. Wells" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/202">Ida B. Wells</a>’s campaign had begun, the <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis Freeman</a> re-printed a drawing by the late political cartoonist, <a title="Henry J. Lewis" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/193">Henry J. Lewis</a>. A series of frames reminded readers that migration was another form of protest against local and state governments that had failed to punish lynching. The image shows African American men, women, and families in a train station, departing the South. Insets depict whippings, lynching, and pursuit by dogs that help to explain “The Great Southern Exodus.” Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject African-Americans civil rights Edward E. Cooper Henry J. Lewis images Indianapolis Freeman Ku Klux Klan lynching President Benjamin Harrison President Grover Cleveland http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/457329045b20b76a22847397a207c2e6.png 08790ddfed996595b06a0ae8a40786a4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Free (?) America" Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Northwestern Recorder" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/195">Northwestern Recorder</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available [Publisher, Jones & Brown] Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 1893 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 101 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-06-30 18:07:04 Title A name given to the resource "Free (?) America" Description An account of the resource The gruesome lynching of a mentally disabled man, Henry Smith in Paris, Texas, in February 1893, sparked renewed visual critique in the African American press regarding federal inaction on lynching. The mob’s torture of Henry Smith seemed to contradict the nation’s values, these editors believed. “Free (?) America” quipped the terse, sarcastic caption to an illustration of Smith’s torture in Wisconsin’s <a title="Northwestern Recorder" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/195">Northwestern Recorder</a>. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject Henry Smith images lynching mob violence Northwestern Recorder http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/c83c55012643dfe67ef03390512267c0.png 2b84909833fbfcd28ff50bd1e2f331f8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Thirty Years of Progress" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource [T.] Fleming. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Detroit Plaindealer" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/192">Detroit Plaindealer</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="Benjamin Pelham et al" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/191">Benjamin Pelham</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 3, 1893 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 34 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-06-29 06:43:26 Title A name given to the resource "Thirty Years of Progress" Description An account of the resource After the brutal lynching of a mentally disabled man, Henry Smith, this image in <a title="Detroit Plaindealer" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/192">Detroit Plaindealer</a> portrayed the failure of outgoing President Benjamin Harrison administration’s to condemn the lynching as a direct contrast to Abraham Lincoln’s leadership and the founding principles of the Republican Party. At left, President Abraham Lincoln is shown holding the 1863 Emancipation Proclamation, and opening the door of freedom to an African American man leaving bondage; at right, in 1893 a mob sets him on fire. The image suggests that government in a civilized society would have shielded any accused criminal, but particularly one of Smith’s limited mental capacity, from mob action. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject Abraham Lincoln Benjamin Pelham civil rights Detroit Plaindealer Emancipation Henry Smith images lynching http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/c7e11c0adc39a1fdfc308de774bd7d97.jpg cc2581960ba28d2a91d68b5f12a19951 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Lynched" Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="The Richmond Planet" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/204">Richmond Planet</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="John Mitchell, Jr." href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/203">John Mitchell, Jr.</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 23, 1894 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 99 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-06-28 17:58:21 Title A name given to the resource "Lynched" Description An account of the resource Like journalists Jesse Duke and <a title="Ida B. Wells" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/202">Ida B. Wells</a>, <a title="The Richmond Planet" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/204">Richmond Planet</a> editor <a title="John Mitchell, Jr." href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/203">John Mitchell, Jr.</a>, had braved mob retaliation for defending an African American man from a rape charge, and challenged the increase in lynching actively. In 1894, for example, Mitchell organized a lecture for Isaac Jenkins, who was the lone survivor following mob violence against African Americans in Clifton Forge, Virginia, in 1891, and included a postcard from that lynching within the frame of the advertisement. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject African-Americans images Isaac Jenkins John Mitchell Jr. lynching Richmond Planet Virginia http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/79b74b0aa6cccf2dc751ac0aebe8da86.png 7785c14bc6400eb42a384c6441e90c24 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Horrible" Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Cleveland Gazette" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/197">Cleveland Gazette</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="Harry C. Smith" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/196">Harry C. Smith</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource April 7, 1894 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 27 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-06-27 06:08:05 Title A name given to the resource "Horrible!" Description An account of the resource In spring 1894, the <a title="Cleveland Gazette" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/197">Cleveland Gazette</a> published this rare lynching image to protest the murder of Roscoe Parker, in West Union, Ohio. The paper included a simple pen-and-ink drawing of Parker’s lynched body—with the white mob sketched in the bottom left of the frame—but placed Parker’s portrait higher up to emphasize his humanity and retain dignity. The Ohio lynching made clear that lynching was a national problem, not confined to the South, and a federal response was necessary to quell the violence. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject Cleveland Gazette Harry C. Smith images lynching Roscoe Parker violence http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/a06f8a6c9136718acc0558a95f653ba3.png 6dd47a83939b5cbe21dc039c844bc377 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Notice!" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource [<a title="Henry J. Lewis" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/193">Henry J. Lewis</a>] Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis Freeman</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="George L. Knox" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/198">George L. Knox</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource August 11, 1894 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 124 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-06-26 04:46:05 Title A name given to the resource "Notice" Description An account of the resource As editor, <a title="George L. Knox" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/198">George L. Knox</a> re-printed a drawing by the late political cartoonist <a title="Henry J. Lewis" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/193">Henry J. Lewis</a> in the formerly independent <a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Indianapolis </a><a title="Indianapolis Freeman" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/199">Freeman</a> to chide the National Negro Democratic Convention meeting in that city in August 1894. "Gentlemen," reads the caption, "cannot you persuade the white members of your party South, to cease these persecutions of your brethren?" At the time, the Southern branch of the Democratic party remained hostile to voting and civil rights for African Americans. While some African Americans in the Northwest were moving away from the Republican Party, which they saw as failing to protect those rights, this cartoon made clear that the Democrats offered no refuge for African American voters. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject civil rights Democratic National Conference George L. Knox Henry J. Lewis Ida B. Wells images Indianapolis Freeman Ku Klux Klan lynching. http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/4d57b53fda7d1eb28ba85e2c8bd46455.png 763c6f18c78afd621a48860684be041c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Prays for His Persecutors" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a title="John Mitchell, Jr." href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/203">John Mitchell, Jr.</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="The Richmond Planet" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/204">Richmond Planet</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="John Mitchell, Jr." href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/203">John Mitchell, Jr.</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 19, 1895 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 15 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-06-25 17:17:06 Title A name given to the resource Prays For His Persecutors Description An account of the resource In early 1895, <a title="The Richmond Planet" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/204">Richmond Planet</a> editor <a title="John Mitchell, Jr." href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/203">John Mitchell, Jr.</a>, published a series of his own drawings, beginning with this illustration “Prays for His Persecutors.” The image depicts an African American man kneeling in prayer against a backdrop of lynched bodies, a reference to a recent murder of six men in Tennessee. The man appears forgiving, even saintly, despite the violent backdrop. The least confrontational cartoon from this series, it invokes non-threatening protest against violence. Like a popular “Day of Prayer and Fasting” three years earlier, the drawing appealed to the conscience of observers and urged the federal government to offer support and protection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject images John Mitchell Jr. lynching Richmond Planet http://songswithoutwords.org/files/original/6a0f2b854709eae7d30421dd06c7defa.png 9744e2b22b873a6091a6c4ace02aab9f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Ohio Refused to Deliver Him" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource <a title="John Mitchell, Jr." href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/203">John Mitchell, Jr.</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived <a title="The Richmond Planet" href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/204">Richmond Planet</a> Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available <a title="John Mitchell, Jr." href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/203">John Mitchell, Jr.</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 26, 1895 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 116 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013-06-24 03:54:39 Title A name given to the resource "Ohio Refused" Description An account of the resource <a title="John Mitchell, Jr." href="http://songswithoutwords.org/items/show/203">John Mitchell, Jr.</a> created this drawing to contrast two states’ commitments to “law and order.” An Ohio judge refused to release a black man accused of murder to Kentucky, for fear that the man would be lynched in transit. In the illustration, Kentucky “justice” presents extradition papers, while shielding from view the lynch mob and its work. Boldly, Ohio “justice” stands firm, holding a sword ready to protect the prisoner from the mob. “Ohio refuses to act as an agent for murderers,” the caption declared, “and rejects with scorn the plea for the delivery of the colored man into the hands of the lynchers.” Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource owproject images John Mitchell Jr. Kentucky lynching Ohio Richmond Planet.